Reports emerging from the G20 summit in Johannesburg suggest a surprisingly positive assessment of Germany’s China policy from Beijing. Chinese Premier Li Qiang reportedly praised Chancellor Friedrich Merz, leader of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), describing Germany’s approach as “rational and pragmatic” during a bilateral meeting. State-run Chinese news agency Xinhua detailed Li’s remarks, highlighting his confidence that Germany would overcome existing obstacles and pressures hindering the advancement of bilateral relations. He urged Berlin to prioritize shared interests and reinforce the foundation of collaboration.
The seemingly cordial exchange, while potentially indicative of a desire for improved ties, arrives at a particularly sensitive juncture in the complex relationship between Germany and China. For decades, German governments have navigated a precarious balance, publicly voicing concerns regarding human rights issues, intellectual property theft and China’s increasingly assertive geopolitical stance, while simultaneously relying on the Chinese market for vital economic activity.
The Chinese Premier’s endorsement raises critical questions about the direction of Berlin’s China policy. While acknowledging the benefits of economic cooperation, critics argue that Germany has been hesitant to adopt a more robust and critical approach towards Beijing, often prioritizing short-term economic gains over long-term strategic interests and adherence to democratic values. Li Qiang’s comments could be interpreted as an attempt to subtly encourage a further softening of Germany’s stance, implicitly pressuring Berlin to downplay concerns and accelerate economic engagement.
The German government’s response to Li’s praise, which has yet to be formally reported, will likely be carefully scrutinized. It will reveal the extent to which Berlin intends to maintain a critical and independent voice in its relationship with China, or whether it will prioritize appeasement to secure ongoing economic advantages. Ultimately, the encounter underscores the inherent tension between Germany’s commitment to democratic principles and its continued dependence on China’s economic power.