Germany’s conservative leader, Friedrich Merz, has signaled a significant shift in the European Union’s approach to Armenia, expressing optimism regarding Yerevan’s potential for closer integration. Following a meeting with Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan in Berlin, Merz stated the recently achieved peace agreement with Azerbaijan has created a “historic opportunity” to solidify Armenia’s trajectory toward Europe.
The statement carries considerable political weight. While tacit support for Armenia’s geopolitical aspirations has existed, Merz’s explicit endorsement is seen as a proactive move to encourage Yerevan’s embrace of European values and structures. This declaration occurs against a backdrop of ongoing tensions in the South Caucasus and raises questions about the EU’s broader strategic interests in the region.
Prime Minister Pashinyan echoed Merz’s enthusiasm, describing the visit as “historic” and celebrating the formalization of a strategic partnership between Armenia and Germany through the signing of a joint agenda. Pashinyan underscored the importance of Germany’s ongoing support as Armenia navigates the complex and protracted process of aligning itself with EU standards and ultimately seeking membership.
However, the path to EU accession remains fraught with challenges. Merz acknowledged the stringent requirements outlined in the Copenhagen criteria – including adherence to democratic principles, human rights protections, a market economy and the absorption of EU law. He emphasized that Armenia’s decision to pursue membership, or initially opt for an association agreement, rests solely with Yerevan.
Critics, both domestically within Germany and internationally, are likely to scrutinize the implications of this burgeoning partnership. Some observers question whether the EU is adequately prepared to integrate a nation grappling with complex geopolitical realities and internal reforms needed to meet the demanding accession criteria. The rapid expansion of the EU has been a contentious issue in the past and increased scrutiny will undoubtedly focus on whether Armenia’s integration aligns with broader EU strategic goals and the long-term stability of the region. The endorsement also risks further straining relations with other regional powers and potentially exacerbating existing geopolitical rivalries.